However, it was discovered that the bacosides could be acid hydrolyzed to ebelin lactone, which could then be easily quantified by UV-spectrophotometry. As was mentioned earlier, the bacosides stick together due to their saponin nature, which makes it hard to separate them in the HPLC column. If we advance a little bit more in the story of Bacopa monnieri, we start running into testing difficulties. Sensoril is made from the leaves of Ashwagandha, giving it a unique chemical composition, which produces noticeable calming effects. One of the most notable being Natreon who produce a specialized extract of Ashwagandha called Sensoril.
Various manufacturers have taken notice of this. Traditionally, the Ashwagandha root is used, however new research has found high concentrations of key components in the leaves too. This one of the reasons why Ashwagandha is also referred to as ‘winter cherry’. The fruits resemble a small cherry and the leaves look frosty due to the many tiny hairs that are on them. Ashwagandha is a short perennial shrub, with a large root system that develops small deep orange fruits. This is where Ashwagandha gets its Latin name from Withania somnifera.
Notable nightshade members are potatoes, tomatoes, chili peppers, goji berries and even tobacco! Another name for the nightshade family is Solanaceae. The nightshade family of plants is a very interesting one and includes a lot of vegetables that make up large parts of many diets. It became abundantly clear that Bacopa monnieri does in fact enhance cognitive function, mood and memory!Īshwagandha is a herb that belongs to the night shade family of plants. This extract became known as CDRI-08, and amazingly is still available as a commercial product to this day under the name Synapsa or Keenmind! CDRI-08 led to a lot of fascinating research, finally confirming scientifically, what Ayurvedic practitioners had been saying for centuries now. The CDRI realized that in order to conduct high quality scientific research on Bacopa monnieri, there was a dire need for a consistent extract with known quantities of bioactives. With the availability of testing methods, the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI) of India set out to make a high quality standardized Bacopa monnieri extract in the 1970’s. The same cannot be said for bacoside B however, and til this day, we still do not know what it actually is or if it even exists!Īfter 1963, it finally became possible to analyze Bacopa monnieri to some degree. After new methods were developed, it was found that bacoside A was actually a mixture of bacoside A3, bacopaside II, bacopaside X and bacopasaponin C. However, years later, it was discovered that due to the saponin nature of these compounds, they stick together and are hard to separate in an HPLC column. They found that Bacopa monnieri contained two distinct saponin compounds, bacoside A and bacoside B. In 1963, a major discovery was made by Chatterji et al. This knowledge was in the hands of Ayurvedic practitioners, but as the story of Bacopa monnieri progresses, we start to get more curious about what exactly it is doing. Due to these Ayurvedic effects, Bacopa monnieri has been used as a natural nootropic for centuries, with a strong emphasis on memory improvement. Rasayana refers to the rejuvenating nature of Bacopa monnieri, while sattvic refers to the wisdom and enlightenment effects of Bacopa monnieri. Within Indian Ayurveda, Bacopa monnieri is known as a Rasayana herb with Sattvic qualities. In India, Bacopa monnieri became a highly revered herb, being written about extensively in the Indian Materia Medica while also being a very important herb within Indian ayurveda. The most important country for the story of Bacopa monnieri, is India however. From its origin point, it quickly spread throughout the world, now being present in almost every continent on earth. This plant can grow both terrestrially and aquatically, and appears to be native to marshy areas of India. The story of cognance starts with an inconspicuous creeping amphibious herb, called Bacopa monnieri.
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